O1

DeepSeek AI recently released DeepSeek-R1 (DeepSeek-AI, 2025), whose reasoning performance on multiple benchmarks approaches the level of OpenAI’s o1 (OpenAI, 2024), marking a significant step for the open-source community in successfully replicating o1. Relevant code for R1 can be found in the huggingface’s attempt to open-source replication project open-r1. While previous research has often relied on massive amounts of supervised data to enhance the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), the success of DeepSeek-R1 and its earlier experiment, DeepSeek-R1-Zero, powerfully demonstrates the potential of purely large-scale reinforcement learning in improving the reasoning capabilities of LLMs. This success reinforces the profound insight proposed by Richard Sutton in “The Bitter Lesson”: ...